A detailed 1778 etching by Francisco Goya, depicting King Philip III of Spain on horseback, based on the original painting by Diego Velázquez.

This etching by Francisco Goya, produced in 1778, is a reproduction of the original oil painting by Diego Velázquez. Goya was commissioned to create a series of prints based on the royal collection held at the Royal Palace of Madrid. This specific work depicts King Philip III of Spain mounted on a rearing horse, a classic pose intended to convey royal authority and military command. Goya employs precise etching techniques to translate the painterly qualities of the original Velázquez canvas into a monochrome medium. The artist captures the texture of the monarch's armour, the elaborate ruff collar, and the flowing mane of the horse with careful attention to line and shadow. The background remains relatively sparse, allowing the focus to remain on the figure of the King and his mount. The composition follows the traditional equestrian portrait format, where the horse is shown in a dynamic, levade position, symbolising the ruler's control over both his steed and his kingdom. As a printmaker, Goya demonstrated a high level of technical skill in this series. He successfully navigated the challenge of replicating the tonal shifts and atmospheric depth found in the original paintings. The inscription at the base of the print provides historical context, noting that the work is based on the painting by Velázquez and was drawn and etched by Goya himself. This piece offers a clear view into the artistic dialogue between two of Spain's most significant painters, showing how Goya engaged with the works of his predecessor to refine his own mastery of the etching process.