A 1945 oil painting by Jean Dubuffet, featuring distorted figures and schematic botanical elements in a raw, expressive style.

Jean Dubuffet painted Leçons de Botanique in 1945, a period during which he actively rejected traditional academic aesthetics in favour of a raw, unrefined visual language. This work displays the characteristic distortion and flattened perspective that defined his early career. The figures appear with exaggerated, mask-like features and wide, staring eyes, which remove them from the realm of conventional portraiture. Their forms are rendered with a heavy, tactile quality, suggesting a preoccupation with the materiality of paint itself. The composition focuses on the interaction between the figures and the botanical elements, though the plants are depicted with a schematic, almost childlike simplicity. By stripping away the polish of fine art, Dubuffet invites the viewer to engage with the subject matter through a lens of primitive directness. The palette is dominated by earthy tones, ochres, and muted blues, which ground the figures in a sombre, atmospheric space. This approach aligns with his interest in Art Brut, or raw art, which sought inspiration from the creative output of non-professional artists, children, and those outside the established cultural mainstream. In this piece, the artist avoids the idealised proportions of classical painting. Instead, he presents a vision that is deliberately awkward and unsettling. The figures seem to emerge from the background rather than inhabit a defined environment, creating a sense of psychological tension. The surface texture, often achieved through the mixing of sand or other materials into the oil paint, adds a physical dimension to the work. This technique reinforces the sense of the painting as an object rather than a window into a scene. Through this rejection of technical refinement, Dubuffet forces a confrontation with the basic, unmediated human experience, stripping away the layers of cultural conditioning that typically mediate our perception of art.