A powerful lithograph by Édouard Manet depicting the aftermath of the Paris Commune in 1871, captured with expressive, gestural lines.

The Barricade, also known as Civil War, is a lithograph by Édouard Manet that documents the violent suppression of the Paris Commune in 1871. Manet depicts a scene of urban conflict, focusing on the aftermath of the fighting rather than the combat itself. The composition is dominated by a group of soldiers standing in the foreground, their backs to the viewer, as they survey the debris and the fallen figures behind a makeshift barricade. The background features the skeletal architecture of a Parisian street, rendered with loose, expressive marks that suggest the chaos of the period. Manet employs a direct, sketch-like technique that captures the immediacy of the event. The lithographic medium allows for a range of tonal values, from the deep, heavy blacks of the soldiers' uniforms to the lighter, atmospheric grey washes that define the city buildings. This work reflects the artist's interest in contemporary subjects and his willingness to engage with the political tensions of his time. By focusing on the human cost of the civil unrest, Manet provides a stark observation of the social fractures present in late nineteenth-century France. The print avoids romanticised depictions of revolution, choosing instead to present the grim reality of the street-level conflict. The figures are positioned to draw the viewer into the scene, creating a sense of presence within the desolate urban environment. This piece remains a significant example of Manet's graphic work, demonstrating his ability to convey complex narratives through minimal, gestural lines and a restrained palette.